Microsoft & Facebook Undersea Fiber Optics Cable

Microsoft and Facebook have jointly announced their plan to build a new undersea cable connecting the United States to Southern Europe. The cable, dubbed Marea, will link Virginia Beach to Bilbao, an autonomous Basque community located in northern Spain. The two companies expect to break ground on the cable in August 2016, with completion estimated by October 2017.

The new 4,101 mile (6,600 km) cable is expected to be the fastest undersea cable ever constructed, with eight fiber pairs and an estimated data capacity of 160Tbps (20TB/s). The cable’s route is deliberately different from conventional transatlantic cables, which typically terminate in New York or New Jersey. Microsoft claims that this routing decision will help ensure consistent and reliable connections, presumably because it can serve as a backup if something goes wrong with the current transatlantic cables.

Cloud-driven cable

The reason Microsoft and Facebook are teaming up in the first place is because they want to ensure robust infrastructure is in place to take advantage of their cloud computing initiatives. Microsoft’s blog post states:

We’re seeing an ever-increasing customer demand for high speed, reliable connections for Microsoft cloud services, including Bing, Office 365, Skype, Xbox Live, and Microsoft Azure. As the world continues to move towards a future based on cloud computing, Microsoft is committed to building out the unprecedented level of global infrastructure required to support ever faster and even more resilient connections to our cloud services. This robust, global infrastructure will enable customers to more quickly and reliably store, manage, transmit and access their data in the Microsoft Cloud.

Later in the post the company claims that Marea is designed to interoperate with a variety of network equipment, thanks to an open design process that both companies believe will lower costs and make it easier to integrate upgrades to the cable as faster transmission standards and improvements in optical data transmission become available. Whether or not this is true is a matter of some debate. While the Open Compute Project that Facebook started several years ago has reportedly save certain companies a great deal of money, it hasn’t done a great job of meeting the needs of enterprise IT departments. In this case, however, Microsoft and Facebook jointly own the cable and its hardware, which should simplify tech roll-outs and adoption.

Presumably all data transmitted over the cable will be encrypted to prevent the NSA from wiretapping and intercepting information, but the blog post doesn’t specifically mention this. Major companies like Facebook, Microsoft, and Google have all been taking steps to reduce the chance of NSA spying — foreign companies and individuals are much less likely to work with a vendor if they believe the company collaborates with the US government to monitor foreign citizens or corporations.

Original Article : http://www.extremetech.com/internet/229287-microsoft-facebook-team-up-to-construct-worlds-fastest-transatlantic-cable

Google’s ‘FASTER’ undersea cable goes online with 60 Tbps of bandwidth

You probably have a wireless network at home, but for some applications a wired connection is still more reliable. It’s the same in internet backbone communications — satellites help keep the world in sync, but the best connections across the globe rely upon undersea fiber optic cables. A new undersea cable constructed with Google’sbacking has just gone online linking the US west coast with Japan.

The cable, which has the fitting name “FASTER,” can transmit 60 terabytes of data per second, more than any other active undersea cable. It’s about 10 million times faster than your home broadband connection on a good day. The new cable will benefit users near one end or the other when they need to ping a server on the other end. It doesn’t boost their own bandwidth, but it could allow them to take fuller advantage of it. FASTER also includes an additional connection from Japan to Taiwan, which has 20 Tbps of bandwidth and is owned completely by Google.

Google joined this ambitious construction project back in 2014 when it partnered with five other companies: NEC, China Mobile, China Telecom, Global Transit, and KDDI. The project has cost about $300 million to complete, but it will offer huge speed increases for data transmission between Asia and North America. Google’s participation in the project guarantees it 10 Tbps of dedicated bandwidth on the FASTER cable. Google is also planning to launch its Google Cloud Platform East Asia in Tokyo this year. The dedicated bandwidth from FASTER will result in faster transfers and lower latency for its customers.

FASTER stretches some 9,00 kilometers (5,592 miles) across the ocean. The US end is in Bandon, Oregon, and the Japanese end plugs into Shima and Chikura. The US cable location places it very near to Google’s data center in The Dalles. FASTER uses six fiberpairs to push all that bandwidth using 100 different wavelengths of light. Every 60 kilometers, there’s a repeater that re-energizes the data to ensure no data is lost along the way, according to Google’s senior vice president of technical infrastructure Urs Hölzle.

This cable might be the speed king right now, but that won’t be the case for long. Earlier this year, Microsoft and Facebook announced they would be laying a cable from the US to southern Europe with a capacity of 160 Tbps across eight cable pairs. I guess Google will just have to limp along with FASTER.

Original Article : http://www.extremetech.com/internet/231074-googles-faster-undersea-cable-goes-online-with-60-tbps-of-bandwidth